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4300Catalog Appendix Glossary ShearStrength:Theloaddividedbytheoriginalcross-sectional TensileStrength:Intensiletesting,theratioofmaximumload areaofasectionseparatedbyashearforce. tooriginalcross-sectionalarea. SourEnvironment:Fluidscontainingwaterasaliquidand TensileStrength,Ultimate:Themaximumstressthatamaterial hydrogensulfide,andmaycausesulfidestresscracking(SSC) canwithstand. ofsusceptiblematerials. Torque:Turningeffort(moment)appliedtoacomponentfor SpecificGravity,Liquid:Theratiooftheweightofagiven fastening,tighteningorassembling. volumeofliquidtoanequalvolumeofwater. Torsion: A twisting action resulting in shear stresses and SpotFacing:Machininginthematingcomponent,aflatseat strain. forabolthead,nut,locknutorothersimilarelement. Toughness:Abilityofametaltoabsorbenergyanddeform Springback:(1)Theelasticrecoveryofmetalafterstressing.(2) withoutfracturing. Thedegreetowhichmetaltendstoreturntoitsoriginalshape Tube:Hollow,cylindricalproductshavingoutsidediametersthat orcontourafterundergoingaformingoperation. arenotstandardizedforthreading.Tubesaredimensionallyclas- StainlessSteel:Basically,lowcarbonalloysteelscontaining sifiedintermsoftheiroutsidediametersandwallthicknesses. atleast11.5%chromium.Thesesteelsarecharacterizedby Upsetting:SeeCOLDHEADING. theirhighresistancetocorrosion. Vacuum:Pressurelessthanambientatmosphericpressure. StaticPressureRating:Seepressure,ratedstatic Vibra-Seal: Vibra-Seal is a registered trademark of Loctite Steel: An iron-based alloy, containing: manganese, usually Corporation. carbon,andoftenotheralloyingelements. Viscosity:Ameasureoftheinternalfrictionortheresistance Strain:Ameasureoftherelativechangeinsizeorshapeofa ofafluidtoflow. body.Example,linearstrainiscomputedastheratioofchange inlengthtotheoriginallength. Viton:Viton is a registered trademark of E.I. Du Pont de NemoursandCompany. Stress:Theresultofaforceactingonagivensurfacearea. Computed as the ratio of the applied force to the affected Welding:Joiningtwoormorepiecesofmetalbyapplyingheat, area. pressureorbothwithorwithoutfillermetal,toproducealocalized unionthroughfusionorrecrystallizationacrosstheinterface. Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC): Fracture in a material resulting from the combined action of applied stress and Work Hardening: An increase in hardness and strength corrosiveenvironment. causedbyplasticdeformationattemperatureslowerthanthe recrystallizationrange.(SameasStrainHardening.Seealso, Stress Raisers/Concentration: Changes in contour or ColdWorking.) discontinuities in structure that cause local increases in stress. Working Pressure, Dynamic: See PRESSURE, RATED DYNAMIC. Stringer:Inwroughtmaterials,anelongatedconfigurationof microconstituentsorforeignmaterialalignedinthedirection WorkingPressure,Static:SeePRESSURE,RATEDSTATIC. ofworking. YieldStrength:Themaximumstressthatcanbeappliedto SulfideStress:Brittlefailurebycrackingunderthecombined a material, which upon removal, the material will return to actionoftensilestressandcorrosioninthepresenceofwater approximatelyitsoriginalshape. Cracking(SSC)andhydrogensulfide. Surge:Atransientriseofpressureorflow. Swaging:Formingataperorareductiononmetalproductssuch asrodandtubingbyforging,squeezingorhammering. Temperature,Ambient:Thetemperatureoftheenvironment inwhichtheapparatusisworking. V20 ParkerHannifinCorporation TubeFittingsDivision Columbus,Ohio http://www.parker.com/tfd
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